PSG has now won the prestigious cup on fourteen separate occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders appeared to be coasting towards a comfortable triumph in the match between the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele found the net early on.
Yet, Marseille fired two times in the closing moments to take a surprise lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking turn of events, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital leveler in the dying seconds to send the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the hero, stopping decisive kicks from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 penalty win.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the last thirteen seasons.